Glossary of Acronyms

the greatest integer less than or equal to X

16 (level) quadrature amplitude modulation

vestigial sideband modulation with 16 discrete amplitude levels.

1 coded bit per symbol

2 coded bits per symbol

8 (level) phase shift keying

vestigial sideband modulation with 8 discrete amplitude levels.

analog to digital converter

Advanced Audio Coding

112 bit triple DES used in “encrypt-decrypt-encrypt” mode

168 bit triple DES used in “encrypt-decrypt-encrypt” mode

ATSC Digital Audio Compression Standard (see A/52)

Advanced Common Application Platform

ACAP Procedural (Java)

ACAP Declarative (XHTML)

Advisory Committee on Advanced Television Service

adjacent channel interference ratio

adjacent channel leakage ratio

audio coding mode

adjacent channel rejection ratio

additional bit stream information

additional bit stream information exists

additional bit stream information length

aggregate event information table

Audio Engineering Society

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES may also refer to the Audio Engineering Society)

aggregate extended text table

authority and format identifier

active format description.

Asynchronous Layered Coding

automated measurement of lineups

American National Standards Institute

application programming interface

application reference model

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

asynchronous serial interface

ancillary service target decoder

ATSC time

ancillary terrestrial component (MSS terrestrial base stations)

asynchronous transfer mode

automatic transmitter power control

Advanced Television Systems Committee

ATSC Mobile/Handheld Standard

Advanced Television Test Center

advanced television

Advanced Television Enhancement Forum

audio block

audio production information exists, ch2

audio production information exists

auxiliary data bits

auxiliary data field

auxiliary data exists

auxiliary data length

Advanced Video Coding (ITU-T H.264 | ISO/IEC 14496-10)

additive white Gaussian noise

SCCC output block length in symbols

bit allocation information exists

bit allocation pointer

Broadcast Auxiliary Services (Part 74 of the FCC Rules)

broadcast rights object

bit error ratio

brute force overload

binary phase-shift keying

frequency coefficient bin in index [bin]

broadcast inter-ORB protocol

block in array index [blk]

block switch flag

basic multilingual plane

band in array index [bnd]

bits per second

binary phase shift keying

Broadcast Service Distribution/Adaptation Center

bit stream information

bit stream identification

bit serial, leftmost bit first (From A/57A: “Bit string, left bit first, where “left” is the order in which the bit strings are written in the Standard. Bits strings are written as strings of 1s and 0s within single quotation marks, e.g. ‘1000 1001’. Blanks within a bit string are for ease of reading and have no significance.”

BCAST subscription management

bit stream mode

buried spread spectrum (direct sequence)

Broadcast Television Systems Committee

slot bandwidth (for a given service, within a transponder)

transponder bandwidth

signal-to-interference ratio (between transmitters within a network)

carrier to noise

conditional access

conditional access module

conditional access table

cipher block chaining

conventional definition television

Consumer Electronics Association

caption distribution packet

channel in array index [ch]

channel bandwidth code

channel exponent strategy

channel in coupling

channel mantissas

ell information table for ATSC-M/H

center mixing level coefficient

component missing (see A/78)

center mix level

commercial mobile radio services (cellular, SMR and PCS)

coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

compression gain word

compression gain word, ch2

compression gain word exists, ch2

compression gain word exists

copyright bit

coupling absolute exponent

coupling begin frequency code

coupling band structure

coupling coordinate

coupling coordinates exist

coupling coordinate exponent

coupling coordinate mantissa

coupling dba

coupling dba exists

coupling dba length

coupling dba number of segments

coupling dba offset

coupling end frequency code

coupling exponents

coupling exponent strategy

coupling fast gain code

coupling fast leak initialization

coupling fine SNR offset

coupling in use

coupling leak initialization exists

coupling mantissas

coupling slow leak initialization

coupling strategy exists

cyclic redundancy check

crc – cyclic redundancy check word 1

crc – cyclic redundancy check word 2

crc reserved bit

certificate revocation list

cadence signal

coarse SNR offset

Cascading Style Sheet

clear-to-air

cable virtual channel table

control word (The key used for MPEG transport scrambling).

desired (signal) to undesired (signal) ratio

d15 exponent coding mode

d25 exponent coding mode

d45 exponent coding mode

declarative application

Declarative Application Environment

DTV Applications Software Environment

data access unit

Digital Audio Visual Council

decibel

decibels, relative to full scale sine wave (per AES17)

decibels, true-peak relative to full-scale (per ITU-R BS.1770 Annex 2)

delta bit allocation

dB per bit code

deciBels full scale

direct broadcast satellite

DownloadCancel

directed channel change

DCC capable DTV reference receiver

DCC selection code table

discrete cosine transform

DownloadDataBlock

declarative data essence

data program element buffer

data elementary stream buffer for synchronized data elementary stream n

data elementary stream buffer size for synchronized data elementary stream n

channel dba

channel dba exists

dba information exists

channel dba length

channel dba number of segments

channel dba offset

digital electronic news gathering

Data Encryption Standard

data elementary stream

data event table

data field synchronization data segment

Diffie-Hellman

dynamic host configuration protocol

dialogue normalization word

dialogue normalization word, ch2

DownloadInfoIndication

dynamic interactive multimedia scenes

data information table

dither flag

Digital Living Network Alliance

domain name services

Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification

document object model

dynamic range control

data return link

digital rights management

delay spread

DownloadServerInitiate

digital subscriber line

digital storage media

digital storage media command and control

digital satellite news gathering

data segment synchronization

data service table

Dolby surround mode

document type definition

direct to home

decoding time stamp

digital television

digital television closed captioning

distributed transmission

distributed transmission adapter

distributed transmission network

distributed transmission packet

distributed translator

distributed transmission system

distributed transmitter

Digital Video Broadcasting

Digital Video Broadcasting—Service Information

digital video cassette recorder

Digital Video Subcommittee

dynamic range gain word

dynamic range gain word, ch2

dynamic range gain word exists, ch2

dynamic range gain word exists

emergency alert

European Broadcasting Union

electronic codebook (DES cipher mode)

error correcting code

entitlement control message

encrypt-decrypt-encrypt

Electronic Industries Alliance

equivalent isotropic radiated power

event information table

entitlement management message

electronic news gathering (in the context of this document, “ENG” includes electronic field production

ENG receive-only site (also known as “central” receive site)

electronic program guide

effective radiated power

elementary stream

elementary stream clock reference

electronic service guide

extended text message

European Telecommunication Standard

European Telecommunications Standards Institute

extended text table

channel exponents

full bandwidth

fast decay code

Federal Communications Commission

frequency division multiplex

frequency division multiple access

file delivery table

forward error correction

future event table for ATSC-M/H

channel fast gain code

fast information channel

first-in, first-out shift register

finite impulse response

masking floor code

masking floor table

File Delivery over Unidirectional Transport (RFC 3926)

frequency modulation

frequency and phase-locked-loop

IP fragmentation buffer for fragment identifier j, multicast address k, in program element n

frame size code

sampling frequency code

frequency-shift keying

channel fine SNR offset

free-space power loss

free-to-air

channel gain range code

guide access table

guide access table for ATSC-M/H

Galois field

gigahertz (109 cycles per second)

Guassian minimum shift keying

group of pictures

general purpose interface

Global Positioning System

group in index [grp]

horizontal ancillary

Home Audio Video Interoperability

high-definition

high definition serial digital interface (compliant with SMPTE 292)

high-definition television

High Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding

High Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding version 2

hexadecimal notation

high power amplifier

Hypertext Markup Language

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol – Secure

input/output

input back off

Internet Control Message Protocol

interaction channel provider

interactive content service provider

identification

Interface Definition Language

intermediate data rate

International Electrotechnical Commission

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

Intelsat Earth Station Standard

Internet Engineering Task Force

intermediate frequency

interoperable object reference

Internet Protocol

interactive program guide

IP datagram buffer for kth IP multicast address in the nth program element

IP multicast

IP security

Internet Protocol television

internetwork packet exchange

integrated receiver/decoder (sometimes termed receiver/descrambler, but not in these systems. ATSC content is always in the “clear”).

International Standard Audiovisual Number

Integrated Services Digital Network

intersymbol interference

International Organization for Standardization

Internet service provider

International Telecommunication Union

interactive television

initialization vector

Java Development Kit

Joint Engineering Committee (of EIA and NCTA)

Java Media Framework

Joint Photographic Expert Group

1,000 bits per second

local area network

language code

language code, ch2

language code exists, ch2

language code exists

lightweight application scene representation

layered coding transport

low frequency effects

lfe exponents

lfe exponent strategy

lfe fast gain code

lfe fine SNR offset

lfe mantissas

lfe on

loudness, K-weighted, relative to full scale, measured with equipment that implements the algorithm specified by ITU-R BS.1770; a unit of LKFS is equivalent to a decibel

Logical Link Control – Sub Network Access Protocol

least mean squares

low-noise amplifier

low-noise block downconverter

line of sight

link quality

least significant byte

long-term key message

long term service table

mobile/pedestrian/handheld

media access control

1,000,000 bits per second

multiple channels per carrier

maximum delay

message digest 5

modulation error ratio

master guide table

M/H encapsulation

megahertz (106 cycles per second)

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

minimal implementation profile

mixing level

mixing level, ch2

man-machine interface

multiple network graphics

Main Profile at High Level

Main Profile at Main Level

Motion Picture Association of America

multi-protocol encapsulation

Moving Picture Experts Group; refers to standards developed by the ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29 WG11

Refers to ISO/IEC standards 11172-1 (Systems), 11172-2 (Video), 11172-3 (Audio), 11172-4 (Compliance Testing), and 11172-5 (Technical Report)

MPEG-2 – Refers to ISO/IEC standards 13818-1 (systems), 13818-2 (video), 13818-3 (Audio), 13818-4 (Compliance).

MPEG-2 registration descriptor

media stream

most significant bit

minimum shift keying

mobile satellite service

master coupling coordinate

maximum transmission unit

multiplex

multichannel video programming distributor

Miscellaneous Wireless Communications Services

number of columns in RS Frame payload

number of auxiliary bits

network byte order, most significant bit first

number of channels

number of fbw channel exponent groups

number of fbw channel mantissas

number of structured coupled bands

number of coupled exponent groups

number of coupled mantissas

number of coupling sub-bands

number of fbw channels

network interface card

number of lfe channel exponent groups

number of lfe channel mantissas

number of M/H groups per M/H subframe

National Renewable Security Standard

network resources table

network service access point

network time protocol

National Television Systems Committee

near video on demand

output back off

On-Line Certificate Status Protocol

octal notation

offset delay

Open Mobile Alliance

Open Mobile Alliance Broadcast

operations and maintenance packet

out of band

out of band emissions (spurious signals)

offset quadrature phase shift keying

object request broker

original bit stream

Open System Interconnection

organization unique identifier

puncturing

number of RS parity bytes per RS frame column

procedural application

Procedural Application Environment

program association table

A table with the same syntax as Program Association Table as defined by ISO/IEC 13818-1 transmitted using an enhanced VSB mode defined in A/53- Part 2.

parallel concatenated convolutional code

program clock reference

personal communications services

pulse code modulation

protocol data unit

program encryption key

pixel

packetized elementary stream

phase flag

phase flags in use

packet identifier

professional integrated receiver/decoder (see IRD)

public key infrastructure

RS frame portion length

program map table

A table with the same syntax as Program Map Table as defined by ISO/IEC 13818-1 transmitted using an enhanced VSB mode defined in A/53 Part 2.

A PID that identifies the Transport Stream packets that carry TS_program_map_section()s in a TS-E.

Portable Network Graphics

program off sir (see A/78)

point of deployment

plain old telephone service

parts per million

peak program meter

parade repetition cycle

pseudo random binary sequence

parametric stereo

program specific information

Program and System Information Protocol; a collection of tables describing virtual channel attributes, event features, and other information.

phase shift keying

physical transmission channel

presentation time stamp

presentation unit

quasi-error-free

quadrature phase shift keying

quadrature amplitude modulation

the number of FIC chunks per M/H frame

rematrix band in index [rbnd]

runtime code extension

receive carrier level

remote control unit

rematrix flag

rematrixing strategy

radio frequency

request for comment

request for information

rights issuer

repeated, inverted, unsigned integer, most significant bit first

repeated, inverted, unsigned integer, most significant bit first, with parity

rich media environment

right object

read-only memory

room type

room type, ch2

root of trust

recommended practice

remainder polynomial coefficients, highest order first

rating region table

rating region table for ATSC-M/H

Reed-Solomon

Rivest, Shamir, Aldeman

real-time transport protocol

ratings text table

number of padding bytes

signal to noise ratio

session announcement protocol

secondary audio program

smoothing buffer

sub-band in index [sbnd]

spectral band replication

SCCC (serial concatenated convolutional coding) blocks number 1 through number 10

serial concatenated convolutional code

single carrier modulation)

single channel per carrier

system clock reference

Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers

standard definition

slow decay code

service description framework

serial digital interface (compliant with SMPTE 259M)

standards development organization

session description protocol

service description table

standard definition television

service encryption key

segment in index [seg]

single frequency network

slow gain code

(electronic) service guide

starting group number

Secure Hash Standard 1

system information

service information

SCCC input block length in bytes

signed integer

signed integer, most significant bit first

skip field

skip length

skip length exists

service location descriptor

surround mixing level coefficient

service labeling table for ATSC-M/H

Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers

specialized mobile radio

service map table for ATSC-M/H

satellite news gathering

SNR offset exists

SCCC output block length in bytes

synchronization packet

sound pressure level in decibels referenced to 20 µN/m2

system renewability message

Secure Real Time Protocol

secure socket layer

set-top box

system time clock

system target decoder

short-term key message

studio-to-transmitter link

synchronization time stamp

system time table

system time table for ATSC-M/H

surround mix level

Scalable Video Coding (Annex G of ITU-T rec. H.264 | ISO/IEC 14496-10)

Scalable Vector Graphics

synchronization frame

synchronization information

synchronization word

transmitter and antenna delay

to be determined

transport buffer for data elementary stream n

transport buffer size for data elementary stream n

two’s complement integer, most significant bit first

trellis coded modulation

Transmission Control Protocol

Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

time division aliasing cancellation

triple DES

time division multiplex

taffic encryption key

time code first half

time code first half exists

time code second half

time code second half exists

transport layer security

technically non-conformant (see A/78)

total number of M/H groups including all the M/H groups belonging to all M/H parades in one M/H subframe

transport-stream off-air (see A/78)

threshold of visibility

transmission parameter channel

transmitter power output

transport stream

The portion of TS-R that contains only all Transport Stream packets transmitted by the main mode (see A/53- Part 2.

The recombined Transport Stream containing all Transport Stream packets delivered by all transmission modes (main, one-half rate and one-quarter rate) (see A/53- Part 2.

The portion of TS-R that contains only all Transport Stream packets transmitted by one-half rate and/or one-quarter rate modes(see A/53- Part 2).

The portion of TS-E that contains only all Transport Stream packets transmitted by one-half rate mode (see A/53- Part 2).

The portion of TS-E that contains only all Transport Stream packets transmitted by one-quarter rate mode (see A/53- Part 2)

transport stream descriptor table

transport stream file system

transport session identifier

transport stream identifier (digital) or transmission signal identifier (analog)

time to live

television

Television Broadcast Auxiliary Service rules (Part 74, subpart f, of the FCC Rules)

terrestrial virtual channel table

television parental guidelines

traveling wave tube amplifier

transmitter identification signal

User Datagram Protocol

UDP buffer for port I, fragment identifier j, IP multicast address k, in program element n

unsigned integer least significant byte first

unsigned integer least significant word and byte first

unsigned integer, most significant bit first

unsigned integer plus fraction, most significant bit first

user to network

universal material identifier

Unicode™

uniform resource identifier

uniform resource locator

Coordinated Universal Time

user-to-user

universal unique identifier

vertical ancillary

vertical blanking interval

vestigial sideband

video buffering verifier

virtual channel

virtual channel table

Version of an International Standard Audiovisual Number

vestigial sideband

volume unit

World Wide Web Consortium

wide area network

watermark

Extensible DTV Markup Language

extended data services

Extensible Markup Language

exclusive OR function